Chapters
Optional deep dive D5
Assets outside the core (optional)
What would you own, what could it pay, and when could you use the money? Follow these questions through property, gold, commodities, cryptoassets and private commitments. These holdings remain optional.

- Property and REITs in the rest of your financesFollow rent through vacancy and costs, then see how a fixed mortgage magnifies a price loss.Read
Gold keeps the ownership question but removes rent as an ordinary source of cash.
- What owning gold can and cannot doDistinguish metal, vehicle units, shares and contracts; compare an unchanged sale price with buying power.Read
For commodities, a contract adds a delivery date and settlement obligations.
- Commodity prices and the investment you actually ownSeparate delivery dates from price observations to explain a futures loss despite unchanged spot.Read
With tokens, separate changes in quantity from changes in price and access.
- Cryptoassets and the risks behind the priceCompare token quantity with euro value, then trace the separate conditions for access and redemption.Read
Restricted investments can also ask you to provide more money before releasing any.
- What you give up when money is locked awayFollow a partial repurchase and a capital call to the money available for a bill.Read
Use these distinctions to assess a specific holding; none needs a place in every portfolio. The next optional section asks what historical data can establish about an investment.
Optional deep dive: How to read historical data (optional)